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Барышников А. Е. Camulodunum colonia victricensis: рождение и гибель провинциального центра //Античный мир и археология. 2011. Т. 15, вып. 15. С. 148-159.
Camulodunum colonia victricensis: рождение и гибель провинциального центра
Camulodunum was the first capital of Roman Britain. Today it is one of the well-known Roman-British towns. Recent excavations, a number of inscriptions and several passages by Tacitus and Dio shows that the earliest Roman Camulodunum was an imperial project. Roman authorities supposed that the town, which before 43 AD was a capital of “Eastern kingdom”, would become the centre of Britannia. When the legionary fortress of Camulodunum was abandoned, a civil settlement with status “colonia” of veterans was established.
From 49 to 61 AD intensively developed. The temple of Claudius was constructing, streets of town were full with Roman citizens and migrants from the Continent – traders, craftsmen etc. Archaeological evidence shows that at least a part of British tribal elite found Roman way of life attractive. But the development of the provincial capital was interrupted by Boudicca’s revolt. The rebels hated Camulodunum as a symbol of greedy conquerors and burnt the town to the ground. The town was rebuilt only after 75 AD. Later Camulodunum lived in the shadow of Londinium, which replaced it as a financial and administrative centre of the region.
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