ISSN 0320-961X (Print)
ISSN - (Online)


For citation:

Jefremow N. V., Kolesnikov A. B. To the discovery of the stamped Roman mortarius in Panticapaeum: a new source about the Roman military presence on the Bosporus. Ancient World and Archaeology, 2021, vol. 20, iss. 20, pp. 368-388. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18500/0320-961X-2021-20-368-388, EDN: GOENLL

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0).
Full text:
(downloads: 184)
Language: 
Russian
Article type: 
Article
UDC: 
903.2(37+398)|01/02|
EDN: 
GOENLL

To the discovery of the stamped Roman mortarius in Panticapaeum: a new source about the Roman military presence on the Bosporus

Autors: 
Jefremow Nikolay Vasil’evich, independent researcher
Kolesnikov Andrey Borisovich, Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Abstract: 

The article publishes a fragment of a stamped Roman mortarius, accidentally found during construction work in Kerch (antique Panticapaeum). Inspite of all the ordinariness of the stamp, this mark is a unique find for the European Bosporus. The recorded analogies of finds in Moesia and other parts of the Northern Black Sea region (Tyra, Olbia, Chersonessus) allow us to conclude, that mortarius is associated with the presence of Roman troops on the Bosporus in the late 2nd – early 3rd centuries AD.

Reference: 

Baaz D. Reibschale und Romanisierung // Acta RCRF. 1977. Bd. 17/18. S. 147–158.

Baluţa C.L. Mortaria ştampilate comune in Dacia şi Moesia Inferior // Pontica. 1981. T. 14. P. 263–267.

Barkóczi L., Bónis E. Das frührömische Lager und die Wohnsiedlung von Ado­ny // AASH. 1954. T. 4. S. 129–199.

Bjelajac L. Mortaria in the Moesia Danube valley // Starinar. 1992–1993. T. 43. P. 139–148.

Blavatskiy V.D. O rimskikh voyskakh na Tavricheskom poluostrove // Antichnaya arkheologiya i istoriya. Moscow, 1985. P. 228–234.

Blümner H. Technologie und Terminologie der Gewerbe und Künste bei Griechen und Römern. Bd. I. Leipzig, 1912.

Bondar' R.D. Nekotorye problemy istorii nizhnedunayskogo limesa // Vestnik drevney istorii. 1973. № 3. P. 144–159.

Bowersock G.W., Jones C.P. A New Inscription from Panticapaeum // ZPE. 2006. Bd. 156. P. 117–128.

Burian J. Moesi, Moesia // DNP. 2003. Bd. 8. Sp. 328–331.

Cramp L.J.E., Evershed R.P., Eckhardt H. What was a mortarium used for? Organic residues and cultural change in Iron Age and Roman Britain // Antiquity. 2011. Vol. 85. P. 1339–1352.

Сuliča V. Un nou mortarium cu ştampilă, descoperit in Dobrogea // SCIV. 1965. T. 16. 2. P. 373–377.

Сuliča V. Ştampile pe mortaria ğasite in sud-vestul Dobroudja // SCIV. 1971. T. 22. 2. P. 331–336.

Cvjetičanin T. Late Roman Glazed Pottery. Glazed Pottery from Moesia Prima, Dacia, Dacia Mediterranea and Dardane // Archaeological monographs 14. Belgrade, 2006.

Davies R.W. The Roman Military Diet // Britannia. 1971. Vol. 2. P. 122–142.

Farmakovskiy B.V. Raskopki v Ol'vii // Otchet Imperatorskoy arkheologicheskoy komissii. 1909–1010. St. Petersburg, 1913. P. 1–105.

Foxwell L. House Clearance: Unpacking the “Kitchen” in Classical Greece // Building Communities: House, Settlement, and Society in the Aegean and Beyond. Proceedings of a Conference held at Cardiff University, 17–21 April, 2001 / R. Westgate, N. Fisher, J. Whitley (eds.). L., 2007. P. 233–242 .

Georges K.E. Ausführliches Lateinisch-Deutsches Handwörterbuch. Hannover, 2003. Bd. II.

Gross W.H. Labrum // KlP. 1979. Bd. 3. Sp. 431.

Hartley K.F. The incidence of stamped mortaria in the Roman Empire with special reference to imports to Britain // Form and Fabric. Studies in Romeʼs material past in honour of B.R. Hartley / J. Bird (ed.). Oxf., 1998. P. 199–217.

Hayes J.W. North Syrian Mortaria // Hesperia. 1967. Vol. 36. 4. P. 337–347.

Hilgers W. Lateinische Gefäßnamen. Bezeichnungen, Funktion und Form römi­scher Gefässe nach den antiken Schriftquellen. Düsseldorf, 1969.

Hochuli-Gysel A. Die Reibschüsselstempel aus Chur-Welschdörfli // Bündner Mo­natsblätter. 1988. Bd. 5. S. 297–321.

Hug A. Mortarium // RE. 1933. Bd. XVI. Sp. 319–321.

Hurschmann R. Mörser // DNP. 2003. Bd. 8. Sp. 328.

Ivantchik  A., Krapivina V. Roman Military Diplom Issued to a Sailor of the Classis Flavia Moesica // Chiron. 2007. Bd. 37. P. 219–63.

Ivantchik  A.I. Novye dannye o rimskom voennom prisutstvii na Bospore // Vestnik drevney istorii. 2013. № 1. P. 59–77.

Kadeyev V.I., Martem'yanov A.P. O veteranakh rimskoy armii v Nizhney Mezii i Frakii v pervykh vekakh n.e. // Antichnyy mir i arkheologiya. 1990. No. 7. P. 77–86.

Kalashnyk Yu. Gruppa keramicheskikh kleym rimskogo vremeni iz Ol'vii i Kherso­nesa // Soobshcheniya Gosudarstvennogo Ermitazha. 1986. No. 51. P. 41–45.

Karyshkovskiy P.O. Iz istorii pozdney Ol'vii // Vestnik drevney istorii. 1968. No. 1. P. 168–179.

Kiguradze N.Sh., Lordkipanidze G.A., Todua T.T. Kleyma XV legiona iz Pitsundsko­go gorodishcha // Vestnik drevney istorii. 1987. No. 2. P. 88–92.

Kleyman I.B., Son N.A. Zapadnopontiyskie i provintsial'norimskie kul'turno-ekonomicheskie svyazi Tiry // Materialy po arkheologii Severnogo Prichernomor'ya. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov /V.P. Vanchugov, G.A. Dzis-Rayko (eds.). Kiev, P. 47–59.

Kostsyushko-Valyuzhinich K.K. Izvlechenie iz otcheta o raskopkakh v Khersonese Tavricheskom v 1900 godu // Izvestiya arkheologicheskoy komissii. 1902. No. 2. P. 1–39.

Krekovič E. Mortaria with name-stamps from Pannonia // AASH. 2004. Vol. 55. P. 93–100.

Krekovič E. Mortariy in graves // Acta RCRF. 2016. Bd. 44. P. 513–518.

Kruglikova I.T. Dakiya v epokhu rimskoi okkupatsii. Moscow, 1955.

Laroche C., Bucur I. Aoste (Isère): un centre de production de céramiques (fin du Ier s. av. J.-C. – fin du Ier s. ap. J.-C.) // Revue archélogique de Narbonnaise. 1987. T. 20. P. 281–348.

Leypunskaya N.O. Lutherii s Olvii // Arkheologiya. 1979. No. 33. P. 32–43.

Makarov I.A. Novye epigraficheskie danne o rimskom voennom prisutstvii v Tavrike // Vestnik drevney istorii. 2010. No. 3. P. 60–71.

Mateucci P. Lʼuso die mortai di terracotta nellʼalimentazione antica // Studi Classici e Orientali. 1985. T. XXXVI. P. 239–277.

Mirković M. Moesia superior. Eine Provinz an der mittleren Donau. Mainz, 2007.

Okhotnikov S.B., Ostroverkhov A.S. Svyatilishche Akhilla na ostrove Levke (Zmei­nom). Kiev, 1993.

Oswald F. The Mortaria of Margidunum and their Development from AD. 50 to 400 // The Antiquaries Journal. 1944. Vol. 22. P. 45–63.

Pallecchi S. I mortaria di produzione centro-italico. Corpus die bolli (Instrumen­tum: archeologia, epigrafica storica). Roma, 2002.

Peinado Espinosa V. Mortaria Baetica. La produccion de morteros en la Bética durante el alto imperio // CPAG. 2011. T. 21. P. 283–302.

Petolescu C.C. Note epigrafice (seria IV-a) // SCIV. 1981. T. 31. 3. P. 455–462.

Petolescu C.C. Inscripţile pe mortaria din Moesia Inferior (I) // Pontica. 1984. T. 17. P. 67–75.

Petolescu C.C. Inscripţii pe mortaria din Dacia (II) // Pontica. 1985. T. 18. P. 157–171.

Pfahl S.F. Namenstempel auf römischen Reibschüsseln (mortaria) aus Deutsch­land // Augsburger Beiträge zur Archäologie. Augsburg, 2018. Bd. 8.

Phelps J.J. The culinary use of mortaria // Transactions of the Lancashire and Cheshire Antiquarian Society. 1923. Vol. 39. P. 1–15.

Popilian G. Ceramica romana diu Oltenia. Craiova, 1976.

Rossi S. Uso alimentare o ritualità alimentare? Il caso die mortai in ceramica di tipo etrusco padano in Veneto: analisi tipocronologica, aspetti technologici i ipotesi su funzione ed uso // Papers in Italian Archaeology VI. Communities and Settlements from the Neolithic to the Early Medieval Period. Proceedings of the 6th Conference of Italian Archaeology held at the University of Groningen, Groningen Institute of Archaeology, The Netherlands, April 15–17, 2003. Oxf., 2005. Vol. I.

Rottländer R.C.A. Milchsatten oder Reibschüsseln? // Kölner Jahrbücher. Vor- und Frühgeschichte. 1972/1973. Bd. 13. S. 137–138.

Saprykin S.Yu., Yermolin S.A. Rimskiy flot na Bospore: novaya latinskaya nadpis' iz Pantikapeya // Vestnik drevney istorii. 2010. No. 3. P. 72–84.

Sarnowski T. Barbaricum und ein bellum Bosporanum in einer Inschrift aus Preslav // ZPE. 1991. Bd. 87. S. 137–144.

Sarnovski T. Plavtiy Sil'van i “eskadra – prizrak” na Chernom more v I v. n.e. // Vestnik drevney istorii. 2006. No. 1. P. 117–131.

Sarnovski T. Rimskoe voysko v Krymu v period printsipata. Istochniki i sostoyanie issledovanii // Krymskaya Skifiya v sisteme kul'turnykh svyazei mezhdu Vostokom i Zapadom (III v. do n.e. – VII v. n.e.) / A. Ivantchik, V Mordvintseva (eds.). Simferopol; Moscow, 2017.

Schmidts Th. Gestempelte Militärziegel ausserhalb der Truppenstandorte. Uniter­suchungen zur Bautätigkeit der römischen Armee und zur Disposition ihres Baumaterials // Studia Archaeologica Palatina. Wiesbaden, 2018. Bd. 3.

Seymonds R.P. A brief History of the ceramic mortarium in antiquity // Journal of Roman Pottery Studies. 2012. Vol. 15. P. 169–214.

Shelov D.B. Rimlyane v Severnom Prichernomor'e vo II v. n.e. // Vestnik drevney istorii. 1981. No. 4. P. 52–63.

Silant'yeva L.F. Nekropol' Nimfeya // Nekropoli bosporskikh gorodov / Materialy i issledovaniya po arkheologii SSSR. 1959. No. 69. P. 4–107.

Silant'yeva L.F. Terrakoty Pantikapeya // Terrakotovye statuetki Pantikapeya / Svod arkheologicheskikh istochnikov. G 1–11. Moscow, 1974. P. 5–37.

Solomonik E.I. Latinskie nadpisi Khersonesa Tavricheskogo. Moscow, 1983.

Solomonik E.I. Novye epigraficheskie pamyatniki Khersonesa. Kiev, 1973.

Sparkes B.A. The Greek Kitchen // JHS. 1962. Vol. 82. P. 121–137.

Sparkes B.A. The Greek Kitchen: Addenda // JHS. 1965. Vol. 85. P. 162–163.

Speidel M.P. The Roman Army in Asia Minor: Recent Epigraphical Discoveries and Research // S. Mitchell (ed.). Armies and Frontiers in Roman and Byzantine Anatolia. Oxf., 1983. P. 7–34.

Speidel M.P., French D.H. Bithynian Troops in the Kingdom of the Bosporus // EA. 1985. Bd. 6. P. 97–102.

Shtayerman E.M. Keramicheskie kleima iz Tiry (V svyazi s voprosom o kleymakh neizvestnykh tsentrov) // Kratkie soobshcheniya Instituta arkheologii AN SSSR. 1951. No. XXXVI. P. 31–49.

Stroszeck J. Wannen als Sarkophage // MDAI Rom. 1994. Bd. 101. S. 217–240. Taf. 77–89.

Thompson H.A. Two Centuries of Hellenistic Pottery. The American Excavations in the Athenian Agora. Fifth Report // Hesperia. 1934. Vol. III. 4. P. 311–480.

Tschumi O. Bemerkungen zu den sog. Reibschalen // Germania. 1931. Bd. 15. S. 179–180.

Tsvetayeva G.A. Bospor i Rim. Moscow, 1979.

Varga G. Roman mortaria from Salla // AASH. 2010. Vol. 61. P. 145–184.

Villing A., Pemberton E.G. Mortaria from ancient Corinth // Hesperia. 2010. Vol. 79 (4). P. 555–638.

Vinogradov Yu.G., Zubar' V.M., Antonova I.A. Schola Principalim v Khersonese // Numizmatika i epigrafika. 1999. Vol. XVI. P. 72–81.

Walde A., Hoffmann J.B. Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg, 1965. Bd. II.

Webster G., Elton H. Roman Imperial Army of the First and Second Centuries AD. Norman, 1998.

White K.D. Farm equipment of the Roman World. Cambr., 1975.

Zlatkovskaya T.D. Meziya I i II vv. n.e. Moscow, 1951.

Zubar' V.M. Khersones Tavricheskiy i Rimskaya imperiya. Ocherki voenno-politicheskoi istorii. Kiev, 1994.

Zubar' V.M. Eshcho raz po povodu interpretatsii nadgrobiya soldata Kiprskoi ko­gorty Lutsiya Voluziya iz Pantikapeya // Bosporskii fenomen: Pogrebal'nye pamyatniki i svyatilishcha. St. Petersburg, 2002. P. 57–59.

Zubar' V.M. Latinskie epigraficheskie pamyatniki Pantikapeya // Bosporskie issledovaniya. 2003. No. 3. P. 38–48.

Zubar' V.M. Po povodu datirovki nadpisi iz Preslava s upominaniem Bosporskoi voiny // Bosporskie issledovaniya. 2003. No. 3. P. 198–203.

Zubar' V.M., Antonova I.A. Novye dannye o rimskom garnizone Khersonesa v pervoi polovine 3 v. // Vestnik drevney istorii. 2000. No. 1. P. 66–70.

Zubar' V.M., Krapivina V.V. Novaya latinskaya nadpis' i nekotorye voprosy istorii Ol'vii serediny 3 v. // Stratum plus. 2000. No. 6. P. 239–247.

Zubar' V.M., Krapivina V.V. O rimskom garnizone v Ol'vii v seredine 3 v. // Vestnik drevney istorii. 2004. No. 4. P. 166–178.

Received: 
16.04.2021
Accepted: 
25.09.2021
Published: 
25.12.2021