Рим и Римский мир

В статье рассматриваются судебные процессы над народным трибуном 67 г. до н.э. Гаем Корнелием, имевшие место в 66 и 65 гг. до н.э. Политический контекст этих событий автор связывает с фигурой Гнея Помпея. Наибольшее внимание уделено критическому анализу сохранившихся фрагментов двух речей Цицерона «Pro Cornelio de maiestate» и комментария Квинта Аскония Педиана к этим речам с целью максимально полно воссоздать обстоятельства, связанные с данными процессами.

Впервые гражданская война 88–82 гг. до н.э. стала рассматриваться как противостояние оптиматов и популяров Моммзеном в середине XIX в.; схему противостояния оптиматов и популяров восприняли многие учёные ХХ в. Однако сопоставление смысла этих терминов, как их трактует Цицерон, с действиями участников конфликта не позволяет по мнению автора, применять их в отношении гражданской войны 88–82 гг. до н.э.

The article deals with the problem of the relationship between the Triumvirs in the period 41–36 BC. The author notes the active use of Republican slogans, which allowed political leaders to obtain the support of a significant part of the population of the Roman state. That is why political propaganda has acquired special significance in the period of 41–36 BC.

The article is devoted to the consideration of the nature of the policy and political goals of the triumvir M. Antony. First of all, it is noted that he came from a family that did not have any political influence, or connections, whose members were involved in a number of scandals. Until Caesar's death, Antony was only the executor of his orders. After the death of the dictator, he became one of the leaders of the Caesarians, but he had no other support than the army. In 42–30 BC.

The marriage of Sulla and Caecilia Metella and his political background are analyzed in the article. Their marriage testified to the appearance of the new political faction (Sulla, Metellus Pius, Pompey Rufus), which replaced factio Metellana (it disappeared in the end of 90s BC). Evidently, Sulla wasn’t a Metellan protégé – more probably there was equitable partnership between him and Metelli whose influence weakened by the time.

Lex Claudia 218 BC is often seen as proof of active development of sea trade in Rome, the production of wine and ceramics at the end of the III BC. Another proof are archaeological finds of Grand-Congloué, where was discovered a Roman trading ship with a cargo of amphorae of the type Dressel I. These amphorae were found the abbreviation SES and SEST, which were identified as nomen senatorial family Sestii mentioned by Cicero as shipowners.

In the article is considered the question of possible sources of information of the Christian author Arnobius concerning the sacrificial dishes which in considerable volume are contained in his composition "Adversus nationes". Comparison of Arnobius materials with parallel fragments from other antique authors brings to a conclusion about the mediated loan of information through Varro's composition "Antiquitates rerum divinarum", not remained and very important for the Roman paganism.

This article is devoted to the complicated relations between Rome and its client kingdoms from the II cent. BC up to the beginning of the II cent. AD. The author considers that the client kingdoms were not buffer states from the current viewpoint. In Strabo’s and other ancient authors’ consideration those kingdoms were the organic parts of the Roman Empire. Mutual relations between Rome and the client kings were created on the basis of traditional relationship of patronatus and clientela.

The article discusses the means and methods that Octavian used to form the public opinion of the Romans in the period 34–32 BC. The author notes their diversity and intensive use in political propaganda, but their effectiveness should not be exaggerated. Only patriotic slogans made Octavian the true leader of the Roman Republic. Octavian`s political talent was that he managed to capture and use Romans moods in his interests.